Apparatus for making hollow billets or ingots



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

, J.STEVE NSON,Jr. APPARATUS FOR MAKING HOLLOW BILLETS 0R INGOTS.

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J STEVENSON; Jr. APPARATUS FOR MAKING HOLLOW BILLETS 0R INGOTS. No. 591,433.

Patented Oct. 12,1897.

WITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIcE,

JOHN STEVENSON, JR., OF NEW CASTLE, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING HOLLOW BILLETS OR INGOTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 591 ,433, dated October 12, 1897.

Application filed November 16, 1896. Serial No. 612,222. (No model.)

1'0 whom it may concern/.

Be it' known that I, JOHN STEVENSON, Jr., of New Castle, in the county of Lawrence and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Making Hollow Billets or Ingots, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a top plan view of my improved apparatus for making hollow ingots or billets. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse Vertical section on the line A B of Fig. 4, and Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section showing the interior of wardly, so as to force theimetal to flow for-- wardly over the mandrel-head, whereas in the present case the receptacle is stationary and the metal is forced forwardly over the mandrel by a plunger which moves through the opposite end of the hollow receptacle.

In the drawings, 2 2 are a series of transverse stretchers or hangers to which are secured the longitudinal rails 5 5, the rails and hangers together formingthe bed-plate for the apparatus. At each end of the bed-plate are provided bearings 3 3 for two parallel longitudinal shafts 4 4:, eachof whiohnear each end is provided withscrew-threaded portions 6 and 7, one portion being formed with a right-hand and the other with a left-hand screw-thread. The screw-threaded portions 6 of these shafts engage with the inner screwthreads of a casting 8, to which is secured a projecting mandrel 9, having an enlarged bulb-shaped head 10, which is preferably removable. The shafts 4 4 are provided at their protruding ends with gear-wheels 11, which are engaged by an intermediate gearwheel 12, by which the shafts are rotated.

13 is a hollow receptacle placed at about the center of the machine and secured to the bed-plate in any suitable way, the longitudinal hole in this receptacle being in line with the mandrel and also in line with a hollow plunger 14, which may be forced inwardly through the other endof the receptacle by a head or casting 15, having innerly screwthreaded holes engaged by the portions 7 7 of the shafts. a central hole in alinement with the hollow plunger, which is preferably provided with a removable hollow head 16, which'may be replaced when worn. The plunger let is preferably removable from the head or casting 15.

In order to provide for operating upon billets of different sizes, I preferably make the cavity of the receptacle 13 larger than the size of the metal to be acted upon and employ an inner sleeve or collar 17, the hole 19 of which isof the size for the particular billet to beacted upon. This sleeve or collar fits within the receptacle and I provide a series of such sleeves with holes of different sizes corresponding to the sizes of different billets.

18 is a guiding collar or ring which fits within the hole in the sleeve, the mandrel passing through a hole 20 in this ring, which guides and centers the same.

In operating the machine the heated billet is slipped within the cavityin the collar 17 and the ring 18 is pushed in over the end of the billet. The shafts then being rotated by power applied through the toothed wheel 12, the mandrel is driven forward and slowly forced through the metal within the receptacle, while at the same time the billet is forced forwardly over the mandrel-head by means of the plunger 14:, thus causing the metal to flow forwardly and avoid the compressing and jamming of the metal in the receptacle. The head upon the mandrel, being loose thereon, is left within the plunger 14, and the mandrel being withdrawn the hollow billet is removed and the operation repeated, the mandrel- Thehead 15 is provided with over the mandrel by means of the plunger while the mandrel is being pushed into the metal in the stationary receptacle the metal is caused to flow smoothly and easily in the proper direction, the walls of the hole in the collar holding it firmly in position and keeping the parts in alinement.

It is evident that hydraulic or other cylinders may be employed for actuating the moving parts, and many other variations may be made by the skilled mechanic without departing from my invention, since hat I claim is 1. In apparatus for forming hollow ingots or billets, the combination with a hollow receptacle, of a mandrel, means for forcing the mandrel through the metal in the receptacle, a plunger arranged to enter the opposite end my hand.

JOHN STEVENSON, JR. IVitnesses:

R. W. KASHNER, P. T. COURTNEY. 

